In terms of policy-making, Türkiye operates under a parliamentary system with a mix of presidential decrees and legislative processes overseen by Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi (Grand National Assembly of Türkiye). The Parliament consists of the National Assembly (the unicameral legislative body). Proposed laws are introduced as bills and must pass through several readings and committee reviews before being enacted. The Parliament holds the authority to amend the Constitution and enact laws in various areas, reflecting the country’s democratic governance structure.

Following the 2017 constitutional referendum, Türkiye transitioned into a presidential system, granting expanded powers to the President. While Parliament retains legislative authority, the President can issue decrees with the force of law in certain circumstances, especially concerning executive matters and emergencies. However, these decrees are subject to parliamentary scrutiny and can be overturned by the Parliament.

Türkiye employs a comprehensive approach to managing its cultural assets, overseen by the Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı (Ministry of Culture and Tourism). Legal frameworks, including the Law on the Protection of Cultural and Natural Assets and the Law on Museums, guide cultural heritage identification, preservation, and promotion. Collaboration with international organisations like UNESCO enhances efforts to nominate sites for World Heritage status and exchange expertise. This strategy ensures the sustainable conservation and transmission of Türkiye’s diverse cultural legacy while fostering appreciation and understanding domestically and globally.