At the national level, the cultural policy system of Romania is predominantly shaped by the Guvernul României (Government of Romania). The Ministerul Culturii (Ministry of Culture) is the primary governmental body with explicit jurisdiction over policies related to culture and heritage. This ministry oversees a wide range of cultural affairs, including the safeguarding of cultural heritage, the promotion of the arts, and the enhancement of cultural diversity across the country. 

Romania has several state institutions and agencies dedicated to cultural heritage preservation and promotion. The Institutul Național al Patrimoniului (National Heritage Institute) is responsible for the inventory, conservation, and restoration of cultural heritage sites and artefacts. The Muzeul Național de Istorie a României (National History Museum of Romania) and the Muzeul Național de Artă al României (National Museum of Art of Romania) are key institutions for the exhibition and interpretation of Romania’s cultural heritage. Furthermore, Romania has cultural organisations and councils that contribute to the development and dissemination of artistic and cultural activities. The Institutul Cultural Român (Romanian Cultural Institute) promotes Romanian culture internationally through various programs and partnerships.